Octubre 10, 2009
In the world of Internet, the long-time topic of digital libraries has suddenly become white hot. As we all know, digital libraries store materials in electronic format and works with large collection of those materials effectively.
The Glasgow Digital Library is based at the Centre for Digital Library Research in the University of Strathclyde. It was set up as part of the Research Support Libraries Programme, supplemented by funding from SCRAN and RLS for specific digitisation projects.
The original aim of the project was to establish the Glasgow Digital Lribary as a virtual co-library of the majority of public institutions in Glasgow. The long-term aim was to create a perfect digital resource to teach, learn and research at all levels in the city, bringing together material currently separated by ownership and physical location.
Nowadays, we can find different collections ( Aspect, Red Clydeside, Maxton Papers, Springburn Virtual Museum, Voyage of the Scotia, 100 Glasgow Men, SMC Journal and Victorian Times), information from many different places and subjet, and finnaly some documents too, where we find background information about the Glasgow Digital Library along with relevant reports, minutes, articles, policies, standards and contact details.
Sources
Octubre 6, 2009
Nowadays, is not still ver common to see people using an e-book ( electronic book) in our society. Nevertheless, taking into account the changes of our reading changes, these new appliances will become very catchy, beacause they have a lot of advantages: more confortable, less expensive, they are ecological…
On the contrary, we find a lot of stauch defenders of the conventional reading, who insist in the idea that they way we read today will never go away, as if the traditional books were a cultural convention almost genetic.
However, imagine if we could have our favorite novel in a small screen and we could hear it while we read some comment of the writer, or while we are watching some different images, or actors or actresses… But, the e-books that we hace today are not still capable to make such a miracle, but they will be. And that day, unfortunatelly,the future of the traditional book would be doomed to lose.
To summarize, in some years, the traditional book will disappear and with them all the bookshops, libraries, textbooks, encyclopedias… Eventhoght it sounds strange, for the next genetarions would be ver normal.
Sources
Septiembre 30, 2009
Aunque el término “enciclopedia” no aparece como tal hasta la Ilustración, no debemos olvidar a autores como Plinio el Viejo (“Naturalis Historia”, años 23-79), San Isidoro ( “Etimologías”, años 627-630),o Suidas (“Suda”, año 990 aprox.), que en sus trabajos pretendían recopilar y conservar los conocimientos de sus respectivas épocas. En cambio, el concepto moderno de enciclopedia implica la difusión y divulgación de esos conocimientos en ella contenidos.
La enciclopedia francesa fue publicada en el siglo XVIII por el editor Le Breton, siguiendo el éxito que en Inglaterra tuvo la “Cyclopaedia” de Chambres. Dirigida, finalmente, por Diderot -quien dejó su impronta personal en el proyecto-, se convirtió en un compendio sistemático de todos los conocimientos humanos de la época.
Referencias
L’Encyclopédie. (2009, 31) de julio. Wikipedia, La enciclopedia libre. Fecha de consulta: 20:40, septiembre 30, 2009 from http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L%27Encyclop%C3%A9die&oldid=28520968.
La Enciclopedia, Diccionario razonado de las ciencias, las artes y de los oficios. Manuel Fernández Mayo. Fecha de consulta: 30 de septiembre, 2009. From: http://thales.cica.es/rd/Recursos/rd99/ed99-0257-01/enciclo.html
Septiembre 27, 2009
Nowadays, we all can hear something about the conflict between the Internet users and editors. The Internet will become the center of comunication wich will always be available for everybody. It would be normal to privatize all that world? Or it has to stay like it works now? There are some associations that work in that conflicts, like for example: CEDRO
CEDRO(Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos) is a nonprofit association that represents and upholds collectively the intelectual property rights of patrimonial character of the authors and editors of publications protected by the law , such as, books, periodicals publications, musical scores…
Due to these types of associations, we can´t find a complet work of an author hunged on the Internet. Although nowadays some companies want to stop with that privacity, like Google which want to digitize almost all the works to hung them in the Internet. But we can´t forget the person that is behind all the work we are reading in our screens, beacause as we all know, all the works has their reward.
In conclusion, eventhough it is not easy, we must understand that the Internet couldn´t be 100% free, because we must respect que writer´s work and their rights.
Sources
Mayo 13, 2009
A Question Answering system’s objective is to give a good answer to a user’s questioni. We could think that this systems is very similar to the current engines’ as Yahoo or Google. However, there are some important differences. For example, this systems finds not only Web pages where you can finde the information you want, it searchs you documents too. Moreover, it doesn’t localize only the document with the answer, but also accedes to this one in order to extract it. It is also important to emphasize that the objective is to obtain the answer to the question, regardless of it is on a database, on a Web page or in other type of container.
Question-Answering’s systems consist generally of four basic modules:We can find a lot of QA on the World Wide Web:
- Analysis of question: So, the questions will beexpressed in natural language.
- Recovery of documents: It makes the firts choise of the documents, using a standard system of Recovery of Information.
- Selection of paragraphs: Analyzes the documents in order to detect those fragments where is easier to find the answer we are lookin for.
- Extraction of answers: Here the main purpose is to finde the correct answer.
We can find a lot of QA on the World Wide Web:True Knowledge Answer Engine
- Ask.com search engine
- AnswerBus
- DFKI-Multilingual Web Question-Answering System
SOURCES:
- Question answering. (2009, May 7). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 16:43, May 21, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Question_answering&oldid=288495130
- Question answering segmenter. Home page. Retrieved: May 13, 2009. From: http://www.willcannings.com/segmenter/
- Università di Pisa.Dipartimenti di informatica. ( Giuseppe Attardi, Antonio Cisternino, Francesco Formica,Maria Simi, Alessandro Tommas). Retrieved: May 13, 2009. From: http://trec.nist.gov/pubs/trec10/papers/piqasso.pdf
Mayo 12, 2009
Machine translation often use a method based on linguistic rules: words will be translated in a linguistic way, the most suitable words of the target language will replace the ones in the source language.
It is often said that the success of machine translation requires the problem of natural language understanding to be solved.
Normally, rule-based methods pase a text, usually creating an intermediary, symbolic representation, from which the text in the target language is generated. According to the nature of the intermediary representation, an approach is described as interlingual translation or transfer- based machine translation. Those methods require extensive lexicons with morphological, syntactic and semanti information, and big sets of rules.
Sources:
Mayo 8, 2009
Multiword expression (MWE): we called like this to the prases that focusing on the basis of stadard grammar rules and lexicar entries are not entirely predictable.
Nevertheless, we can´t think that any expression that can be realised hyphenated,as a single lexeme or alternatively with spaces, for instance: mailman/postman vs. mail/postmant, is a MWE. This could be used in the evaluation of extraction techniques, possibly using external resources to determine whether extracted expressions can be expressed hyphenated or without spaces. For example, determine “optimal extraction volume” as the point where the ratio of such expressions is maximised.
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Mayo 1, 2009
The aim of the automatic text summarization is to summarize a text in a computer. You have to enter a text into the computer and a summarized text is returned, which is a non redundant extract from the original text.
The technique has begun in the 60’s and has been developed during 30 years and today is very important beacause od the Internet and de WWW.
For example, Microsoft Word has since 1997 a summarizer for documents.
Automatic text summarization can be used:
- To summarize news to SMS or WAP-format for mobile phones/PDA.
- To let a computer synthetical read the summarized text. Written text can be to long and boring to listen to.
- In search engines to present compressed descriptions of the search results (see the Internet search engine Google).
- In keyword directed subscription of news which are summarized and pushed to the user Nyhetsguiden (In Swedish)
- To search in foreign languages and obtain an automatically translated summary of the automatically summarized text.
Sources:
- What is automatic text summarization?Hercules Danialis(November 24, 2008). Retrieved: 1 May, 2009. From: http://people.dsv.su.se/~hercules/textsammanfattningeng.html
- Automatic text summarization. IBM. Retrieved: 1 May, 2009. From: http://www.trl.ibm.com/projects/langtran/abst_e.htm
- Automatic summarization. (2009, April 20). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 12:08, May 1, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Automatic_summarization&oldid=285041990
Abril 27, 2009
These are the major topics mentioned in sides of Human Languages Technologies, choosen by me:
- Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL-09)
- Automatic summarization
- Investigación en Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural
- Computational Approaches to Semitic Languages (SemiticLang)
- Machine learning for name entity recognition (LTG).
- Controlled Semantic.bases Question Answering(ConQA)
- Machine translation and multilingual systems;
- Sustained Emotionally coloured Machine-human Interaction using Nonverbal Expression
- Multi Word Expressions (MultiwordExp)
- Cognitive Aspects of Language Acquisition (LangAcquisit)
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